Her y\u0131l oldu\u011fu gibi yine y\u0131l sonuna yakla\u015f\u0131rken s\u0131nav heyecan\u0131, s\u0131nav tela\u015f\u0131 son derece y\u00fckseldi, daha da y\u00fckselecek. Bu heyecan ve kayg\u0131 herkeste var, ancak baz\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131zda daha da fazla. Daha \u015fimdiden s\u0131nav akl\u0131m\u0131za geldi\u011finde ellerimizin i\u00e7i terliyor, bir \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131, bir heyecan bas\u0131yor kalbimizi\u2026..<\/p>\n
Asl\u0131nda di\u011fer s\u0131navlarda da bu heyecan var ama bu y\u0131lsonu \u201ckader\u201d s\u0131nav\u0131 bir ba\u015fka. Bu mutlu sonla bitebilir ama tam tersi olursa diye de ak\u0131ldan ge\u00e7miyor de\u011fil. Bu \u015fanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya\u015fay\u0131p da tekrarlamak istemeyenler i\u00e7in daha da k\u00f6t\u00fc.
\nHer konuda oldu\u011fu gibi s\u0131navlarda ba\u015far\u0131 i\u00e7in de belirli bir d\u00fczeyde kayg\u0131ya gerek vard\u0131r. S\u0131nav i\u00e7in heyecan duymak, kayg\u0131lanmak olmas\u0131 gereken bir durumdur. E\u011fer bu kayg\u0131 hi\u00e7 yoksa ba\u015far\u0131 \u015fans\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fer, ancak her zaman konu olan \u201ca\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kayg\u0131\u201d oldu\u011fu durumda da ba\u015far\u0131 \u015fans\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fer.<\/p>\n
S\u0131nav kayg\u0131s\u0131, s\u0131navlardan 5 dakika \u00f6nce; 1 hafta \u00f6nce; veya 2 ay \u00f6ncesinden ba\u015flayabilir. Hangi zamanda ba\u015flarsa ba\u015flas\u0131n ayn\u0131 soruyu sormak gerekir:\u201dNeler oluyor? \u0130nsana neler ya\u015fat\u0131yor?\u201d. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, ne zaman ba\u015flarsa ba\u015flas\u0131n beklenen sonucu olumsuz olarak etkileyece\u011finden her durumda ve her zamanda k\u00f6t\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
S\u0131nav kayg\u0131s\u0131 her zaman ayn\u0131 karakterdedir. Hep ayn\u0131 \u015fikayetleri verir, hep ayn\u0131 \u015fikayetleri ya\u015fat\u0131r ve tatt\u0131r\u0131r. S\u0131nava giren \u00e7ocuklar farkl\u0131d\u0131r ama kayg\u0131lar ve ya\u015fanan \u015fikayetler hep ayn\u0131d\u0131r. Kayg\u0131 sadece s\u0131navla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmaz, ayn\u0131 zamanda di\u011fer ya\u015fam olaylar\u0131yla da ilgilidir. Yani etraftan s\u00f6ylenenler, arkada\u015flarla ili\u015fkiler, anne-babalar\u0131n s\u00f6yledikleri hep kafalar\u0131 kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Kayg\u0131 bir kere ba\u015flay\u0131nca art\u0131k \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc almak zorla\u015f\u0131r. S\u0131nav heyecan\u0131 deneme s\u0131navlar\u0131nda da ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015fsa bitmez s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 halini zaten alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve \u201cb\u00fcy\u00fck s\u0131nav\u201d\u0131n gelmesini istenmez.<\/p>\n
Kayg\u0131n\u0131n as\u0131l kayna\u011f\u0131; \u00f6zellikle aile ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere \u00e7evrenin \u201cbeklentiler\u201di olsa da, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u201cetraf\u0131n ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnece\u011fi ve s\u00f6yleyece\u011fi\u201d de s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n kaynaklar\u0131d\u0131r.
\nGenel olarak y\u00fcksek tempoda ders, dershane, \u00f6zel ders ve deneme s\u0131navlar\u0131na ko\u015fu\u015fturman\u0131n kendisi de yeterince kayg\u0131y\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6zelliktedir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc s\u00fcrekli ders, soru ve yar\u0131\u015f halinde olmak dinlenmeyi unutturur ve s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 k\u00f6r\u00fckler.<\/p>\n
Derslere iyi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak ve iyi bilgiye sahip olmak kayg\u0131y\u0131 nas\u0131l etkiler diye ilk d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fczde; kayg\u0131n\u0131n bilgi ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131kla beraber olmayaca\u011f\u0131 akla gelir. Ancak ba\u015fta da belirtti\u011fimiz gibi kayg\u0131n\u0131n \u015fekli hep ayn\u0131d\u0131r ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fkan olan ve olmayan \u00e7ocuklarda ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n
S\u0131nav kayg\u0131s\u0131 olan \u00e7ocuklarda en \u00e7ok g\u00f6r\u00fclen \u015fekil; s\u0131nav\u0131n yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 aylarda giderek artan heyecan, uykuya dalmakta zorluklar, derslere \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken bir anda s\u0131nav\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131yla ilgili kayg\u0131lara kap\u0131lmalar olur. Deneme s\u0131navlar\u0131nda ve hemen \u00f6ncesinde ellerde avu\u00e7 i\u00e7lerinde terleme, \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131, s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 ile s\u0131navda bildiklerini birden unutma, donup kalm\u0131\u015f gibi olma ve s\u0131navdaki sorular\u0131 s\u0131nav sonras\u0131nda hat\u0131rlayamama gibi durumlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bazen bu \u00f6\u011frenciler, s\u0131nav s\u0131ras\u0131nda yan\u0131 ba\u015flar\u0131nda duran \u00f6\u011fretmenin veya s\u0131nav g\u00f6zetmeninin gitmesine kadar hi\u00e7bir \u015fey yapamayabilirler. Sanki g\u00f6zetmen yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol ediyordur ve yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yarg\u0131layacakt\u0131r. Ancak uzakla\u015f\u0131nca eski hale gelinir.<\/p>\n
S\u0131nav s\u0131ras\u0131nda aniden fenala\u015farak s\u0131nav\u0131 terk eden \u00f6\u011frencilere s\u0131k olarak rastlar\u0131z. \u00d6zellikle s\u0131nav ak\u015fam\u0131 televizyonlarda, a\u011flayan ve s\u0131navdan ko\u015farak \u00e7\u0131kan \u00f6\u011frenciler g\u00f6sterilir. Hepsi de a\u011flayarak \u201cbeynim durdu, her \u015feyi unuttum\u201d gibi s\u00f6zler sarf eder. Asl\u0131nda hepsinin s\u00f6yledi\u011fi ve ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hep ayn\u0131d\u0131r, ve tam da s\u00f6yledikleri gibidir. Hepsinin beyni aniden duruvermi\u015ftir. Asl\u0131nda s\u0131nav \u00f6ncesinde de ayn\u0131 ki\u015filere sormu\u015f olsayd\u0131k, yine benzer \u015feyleri s\u00f6ylemi\u015f olacaklard\u0131: \u201ckalbim a\u011fz\u0131mdan \u00e7\u0131kacak\u201d, \u201cher \u015feyi kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131m\u201d, \u201c\u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131 ve titreme son haddinde\u201d gibi c\u00fcmleler kullan\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n
Ortak c\u00fcmleler \u201c\u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131\u201d, \u201cterleme\u201d , \u201ctitreme\u201d ve \u201cheyecan\u201d d\u00f6rtl\u00fcs\u00fcnden olu\u015fur. Demek ki hepsinin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 da hep ayn\u0131 \u015fikayetler, yani ayn\u0131 sonu\u00e7lard\u0131r. S\u0131navlar, ya\u015flar, mekanlar, tecr\u00fcbeler, e\u011fitimler farkl\u0131 olsa da kayg\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 hep ayn\u0131d\u0131r.
\nYani s\u0131nav kayg\u0131s\u0131 denince akla hep ayn\u0131 \u015feyler gelir ve bu kayg\u0131y\u0131 ya\u015fayan \u00f6\u011frenciler do\u011fru \u00e7al\u0131\u015fsalar da, iyi haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f olsalar da kayg\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u00e7o\u011fu zaman yenik d\u00fc\u015ferler. Bir k\u0131sm\u0131 s\u0131nav\u0131 terk etse de, etmeyenler de ayn\u0131 derecede ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k g\u00f6sterirler.<\/p>\n
Endi\u015fe, korku ve s\u0131nav heyecan\u0131 bazen s\u0131nav an\u0131nda panik atakla da sonu\u00e7lanabilir. Bu da s\u0131nav\u0131 terk etmeye yol a\u00e7abilir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu da yo\u011fun s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131ya yol a\u00e7ar. S\u0131navdan \u00f6nce olursa s\u0131nava girmeye engel olur. Bazen s\u0131nava g\u00fcnler kala panik ataklar ba\u015flar, ancak bilinmedi\u011fi veya tariflenemedi\u011fi i\u00e7in \u201cs\u0131nav stresi\u201d denerek ge\u00e7i\u015ftirilebilir.<\/p>\n
Kayg\u0131lar\u0131n ortak sonucu \u201c\u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131, ba\u015faramama korkusu, terleme\u201d oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yolu da ortakt\u0131r. Yani s\u0131nav\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fc, \u015fekli, s\u0131nava girilen ya\u015f veya beklentilerin farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc de\u011fi\u015ftirmez. Uygulanacak y\u00f6ntem temelde ayn\u0131d\u0131r, ki\u015filere \u00f6zel baz\u0131 farkl\u0131l\u0131klar g\u00f6sterebilir. Bu farkl\u0131l\u0131k ise altta yatan psikiyatrik rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve varl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda da ki\u015filerde g\u00f6r\u00fclen rahats\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.
\nS\u0131nav kayg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc s\u0131navdan g\u00fcnler \u00f6nce de\u011fildir. S\u0131nava saatler kala ba\u015fvuran \u00f6\u011frencilere yap\u0131labilecek art\u0131k pek bir \u015fey yoktur. S\u0131nav kayg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcnde izlenecek en iyi yol; en az 3-8 hafta \u00f6nce yap\u0131lacak de\u011ferlendirmelerle ve d\u00fczeltme y\u00f6ntemleriyle yakla\u015f\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n
S\u0131k olarak duydu\u011fumuz fakat yanl\u0131\u015f olan tedavi y\u00f6ntemi ise \u201csadece terapi\u201d ile olan tedavi y\u00f6ntemleridir. Sonunda da ki\u015fi kendi kayg\u0131s\u0131yla yine ba\u015f ba\u015fa kal\u0131r. Kayg\u0131n\u0131n sadece \u201ckonu\u015farak\u201d tedavisi herkes taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131labilir; annemiz, babam\u0131z ve arkada\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z bunu g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayat\u0131m\u0131zda her zaman yapabilirler.<\/p>\n
Bazen de uzun uzad\u0131ya konu\u015fmalar yap\u0131l\u0131r; \u201cstres yapacak bir \u015fey yok, alt\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fc bir s\u0131nav, sen zaten \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorsun\u201d veya \u201cheyecanlanacak bir \u015fey yok, takma kafana, her \u015fey senin kafanda bitiyor, sen fazla b\u00fcy\u00fct\u00fcyorsun\u201d gibi. \u201cEvet, asl\u0131nda ki\u015finin kendisi bu s\u0131nav\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fct\u00fcyordur ve s\u0131nav\u0131 kazanmak istemiyordur!\u201d dersek ne kadar mant\u0131kl\u0131 olur. Kim istemez ki s\u0131nava rahat \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p kazanmay\u0131. Yani asl\u0131nda elde de\u011fildir bu heyecan\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 ve devam\u0131, ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan yenilemez. Zaten ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan art\u0131k ba\u015f edilemez oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in de d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya yans\u0131maktad\u0131r (tela\u015fl\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flar, y\u00fczde k\u0131zarma, \u00e7abuk sinirlenme, tahamm\u00fcls\u00fczl\u00fck).<\/p>\n
Asl\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar s\u0131nav kayg\u0131s\u0131 olan \u00e7ocuklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n akranlar\u0131na g\u00f6re daha \u00e7ekingen, daha hassas, olaylar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda duyarl\u0131 ve duygusal ancak duygular\u0131n\u0131 d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya vuramayan ki\u015filer olduklar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. Bu tariflere uyan \u00e7ocuklar\u0131m\u0131z ayn\u0131 zamanda gergin, stresin ve s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerde tahamm\u00fcls\u00fcz, \u00e7abuk k\u0131zan, \u00f6fkelenen ve \u00e7abuk a\u011flayan ki\u015filer olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131karlar. Yani strese dayan\u0131ks\u0131zd\u0131rlar!<\/p>\n
Her kimde olursa olsun, ister s\u0131nava girerken, ister sahnede bir sunum yaparken, isterse becerimiz-yetene\u011fimiz s\u0131nan\u0131rken olsun hep kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u201c\u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131\u201d \u00e7\u0131kar. \u00c7arp\u0131nt\u0131ya e\u015flik edenler ise terleme (daha \u00e7ok avu\u00e7 i\u00e7lerinde), s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131, bazen bulant\u0131, nadiren kusma, ve bazen de ses k\u0131s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00f6ks\u00fcrme \u015feklindeki \u015fikayetlerdir.
\nS\u0131nav kayg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131nda beyin kimyas\u0131nda olan baz\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin rol\u00fc vard\u0131r ve \u201celde olmayan\u201d \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131, terleme, heyecan da bu de\u011fi\u015fiklikler ile olu\u015fur. Ortada kimyasal dengedeki bozukluklar s\u00f6z konusu olunca da ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan kontrol edilemedi\u011fini art\u0131k d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrmelidir. Yani d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan bir m\u00fcdahale olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde eski d\u00fczenini kazanmas\u0131 da g\u00fc\u00e7le\u015fir. Yani \u201cterapi\u201d tek ba\u015f\u0131na yetmez. \u201cPsikiyatrik bir tedavi\u201d yan\u0131nda \u201cterapi yard\u0131mc\u0131 tedavi\u201d rol\u00fc oynar.<\/p>\n
S\u0131nav kayg\u0131s\u0131 \u00f6ncelikle ayn\u0131 zamanda \u201cdoktor\u201d olan (yani re\u00e7ete yazabilme ve muayenehanelerde-hastanelerde hasta bakabilme hakk\u0131 olan) \u201cPsikiyatri Uzmanlar\u0131\u201d taraf\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirilmelidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc s\u0131nav kayg\u0131s\u0131 asl\u0131nda ba\u015fka bir psikiyatrik bozuklu\u011fun sadece bir belirtisi olabilir, altta yatan bozukluk tedavi edilmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in de s\u0131nav kayg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n da \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc bulunamam\u0131\u015f olacakt\u0131r. Yani s\u0131nav kayg\u0131s\u0131 tek ba\u015f\u0131na bir problem olmayabilir. Bazen a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kayg\u0131 ile giden bir bozukluk sanki s\u0131nav kayg\u0131s\u0131 gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir ve \u00e7ocu\u011funuz s\u0131nav kayg\u0131s\u0131 nedeniyle uzun s\u00fcre \u201coyalanabilir\u201d.
\nS\u0131nav kayg\u0131s\u0131 ve ba\u015fka bir psikiyatrik bozuklu\u011fun olmas\u0131 bizleri korkutmas\u0131n. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc s\u0131nav kayg\u0131s\u0131 yan\u0131nda olan di\u011fer bozukluk da ayn\u0131 anda ba\u015far\u0131yla tedavi edilebilir ve d\u00fczeltilebilir.<\/p>\n
S\u0131nav kayg\u0131s\u0131 veya s\u0131radan s\u0131nav heyecan\u0131, s\u0131nava yakla\u015f\u0131rken \u00e7ocuklarda; uykuya dalmada g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcklere, yeterince kalite al\u0131namayan uykuya ve dinlenmemi\u015f kalk\u0131lan sabahlara yol a\u00e7abilir. Hepsi baz\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z taraf\u0131ndan \u201cnormal\u201d\u00a0 veya \u201cs\u0131radan\u201d kar\u015f\u0131lanabilir, ancak bunlar\u0131n hepsi bilginin birka\u00e7 saatte \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u201ckader\u201d s\u0131navlar\u0131nda ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa yol a\u00e7abilir. Bu nedenle dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken ve bir an \u00f6nce m\u00fcdahaleyi gerektiren bozukluklard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u201cS\u0131nav kayg\u0131s\u0131\u201d bozuklu\u011funun tedavisi, ayn\u0131 zamanda tan\u0131y\u0131 da koymu\u015f olan Psikiyatri uzman\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan ba\u015flat\u0131l\u0131r ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Hekim (doktor; t\u0131p fak\u00fcltesi mezunu) olan Psikiyatri uzman\u0131 gerekirse g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler s\u0131ras\u0131nda terapiyi kendisi de verebilece\u011fi gibi kendisinin y\u00f6nlendirdi\u011fi psikolog (edebiyat fak\u00fcltesi mezunu) taraf\u0131ndan da s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir. Ancak psikologlar s\u0131nav kayg\u0131s\u0131 veya ba\u015fka bir psikiyatrik tan\u0131y\u0131 koyamazlar ve kendi ba\u015flar\u0131na terapi karar\u0131 alamazlar.<\/p>\n
Psikiyatri uzmanlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan tan\u0131 konarak takip edilen ve s\u0131nav kayg\u0131s\u0131 olan \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n tedavileri her zaman ila\u00e7(lar)la olmaz. Bazen sadece teknik \u00f6\u011fretilerek kayg\u0131n\u0131n en aza indirgenmesi sa\u011flanabilir. Bazen de dikkat eksikli\u011finin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ders \u00e7al\u0131\u015famama nedeniyle yetersizlik duygular\u0131na ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kayg\u0131lara yol a\u00e7abilmektedir.<\/p>\n
Bazen s\u0131nav kayg\u0131s\u0131 s\u0131navdan hemen 20-30 dakika \u00f6nce uygulanacak\/yap\u0131lacak bir y\u00f6ntemle sonland\u0131r\u0131labilir. Ancak b\u00f6yle bir y\u00f6ntemin i\u015flerli\u011fi ve gereklili\u011fi ilk de\u011ferlendirmede t\u0131p hekimi olan \u201cPsikiyatri uzman\u0131\u201d taraf\u0131ndan ortaya koyulabilir.<\/p>\n
Kaynak: Dr.Murat Eren \u00d6ZEN, Ruh Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Hastal\u0131klar\u0131 Uzman\u0131 (Psikiyatr) \u00a0(www.stres112.com)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Her y\u0131l oldu\u011fu gibi yine y\u0131l sonuna yakla\u015f\u0131rken s\u0131nav heyecan\u0131, s\u0131nav tela\u015f\u0131 son derece y\u00fckseldi, daha da y\u00fckselecek. Bu heyecan ve kayg\u0131 herkeste var, ancak baz\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131zda daha da fazla. Daha \u015fimdiden s\u0131nav akl\u0131m\u0131za geldi\u011finde ellerimizin i\u00e7i terliyor, bir \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131, bir heyecan bas\u0131yor kalbimizi\u2026.. Asl\u0131nda di\u011fer s\u0131navlarda da bu heyecan var ama bu y\u0131lsonu \u201ckader\u201d s\u0131nav\u0131 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9361,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[226],"class_list":["post-9360","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ogrenci","tag-sinav-kaygisi"],"yoast_head":"\n